A layer of cold water forms deep within large dams contained by walls higher than 15 metres. It is from this bottom layer that water is typically released through the outlets in the older, major dams of NSW.The water released can be up to 12 C colder than the water in the river upstream of the dam. Large volumes of cold water flowing from dams lower the natural temperature of the river downstream, damaging aquatic ecology over long distances. The effect is greatest during the warmer months from Spring to Autumn when large volumes of water are released for irrigation.
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